![]() We may not be far from a time where robots and artificial intelligence handle the preparation and delivery of e-commerce and food orders. ![]() However, Amazon, Uber, Lyft, and robotics companies are each investing in research and development to automate these tasks. Humans are currently more capable than robots at grasping odd-shaped objects, driving in sub-optimal conditions, and preparing many kinds of food. Food delivery apps have created a growing number of “ virtual restaurants” with no tables: an app tells cooks what food to prepare and tells delivery drivers where to take each order. Ride-hailing apps like Uber and Lyft accomplish a similar task on city streets, telling drivers where to pick up and drop off passengers. In Amazon warehouses, handheld scanners navigate employees to each item included in an order. This division of labor between humans and computers occurs in diverse settings. Marcus Casey and Ember Smith Tuesday, April 13, 2021 Thus equipped, a worker can take on manual tasks assigned by a computer that has taken over much of the cognitive work. Now, smartphones and other internet-connected devices enable workers to carry computers with them wherever they go. Next, mainframe and personal computers took over cognitive labor in laboratory and office settings. ![]() Computers beyond the officeĪutomation was once primarily the domain of factories and other controlled environments where machines could replace manual labor. Rather than requiring employees to go to a classroom or an online portal, AR and VR headsets can teach workers new skills on-site. Augmented reality and virtual reality can bring computers to manual jobs far removed from an office, giving companies and workers more options for how and where retraining takes place. Now, newly-emerging technologies may help to fill this void in skills training. However, rising college tuition costs and shrinking investments in training reduce the opportunity for employees to acquire the skills needed for new kinds of work. Skills training typically comes through higher education or from companies themselves.
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